Spraying-machine and plunger therefor



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UNITED STATES PATENT Ormes.

SPRAYlNG-MACHINE AND PLUNGER THEREFOR.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 578,902, dated March16, 1897.

Application filed February 4, 1896. Serial No. 578,017. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. RUeGLns, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of,California, have invented new and useful Improvements inSpraying-Machines and Plungers Therefor, of which the following is aspecification.

In Southern California, and in fact all fruitproducing countries,fruit-trees are subject to depredations from scale and various insectswhich destroy the vitality of the tree or prey upon the fruit bornethereby. One of the most common remedies for this has been by sprayingthe trees with solutions and iiuid compounds containing variousingredients and by means of pressure forced through iine nozzles anddischarged among the branches and leaves of the trees in very finefog-like spray. In the case of large orchards the expense of performingthis operation is considerable, and heretofore, owing to theconstruction of the machine for spraying, the difficulty, expense, andlabor have been in excess of what .is necessary with my improvedmachine.

The objects of my invention are to produce a machine of this class whichwill be very simple in its construction and inexpensive to manufacture,one which will be of the utmost compac'tness and rigidity, so that itwill not be liable to become broken or get out of order, and one whichmay be easily moved by one person from place to place when desired.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective side elevation of a spraying-machine embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmental longitudinal vertical section ofthe same. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section of my improvedplunger for the pump. Fig. 4c is a plan view of the base or bottom ofthe device, and Fig. 5 is a crosssection of the same.

In the drawings, A represents a base or bottom which is provided with anannular upwardly-proj ecting iian ge A,which is provided with a shouldera", which is arranged to seat the lower end of the air-chamber cylinderB. Through this iiange and below the shoulder extend an inlet-port aandan outlet-port a',

which respectively open into and lead from the bottom of the chamber Bof the cylinder B. By this means I avoid the necessity of drillingoutlet and inlet ports through the cyl* inder and the consequentdifficulty of causing them to register with the ports through theflange.

C is a cap or top which is provided with a downwardly-projecting flangeC', which is arranged to seat upon the upper end of the cylinder B.Rigidly fixed to this cap is the cylinder D' of the pump D, which isarranged to pump fluid (or air,` as the case may be) into the chamber B.This pump has its cylinder D preferably cast integral with the cap C, sothat thereby the expense of manufacture is greatly reduced and theabsoluterigidity of the connection between the pump and the cap isinsured. The base A and the cap C are connected with each other by meansof connectin g rods or bolts E, which have their lower ends arranged toscrew into screw-threaded opening a, provided in the base, and to passthrough holes c', drilled through t-he cap C and nuts E, screwed uponthe bolts, to clamp the base and the cap firmly against the ends of thecylinder B. By this means I am enabled to make the base very light andthin and yet secure great strength and avoid objectionable projection ofthe bolts beyond the face of the base.

The pump D is provided with an inlet-port d and an outlet CZ. Theoutlet-port d' of the pump is connected with the inlet-port a of thechamber B by means of a connecting-pipe F. The inlet d of the pump isprovided with a short section of pipe G, to which is ordinarily secureda length of hose which is adapted to supply to the pump the liquid to besprayed. 9o The outlet-port a' of the chamber B is provided with adischarge-pipe H, which is provided with a nipple h, whereto may besecured the hose ordinarily employed in spraymg. 95

The ordinary operation of producing a pump-plunger for force-pu mps isto turn such plunger to :fit truly within the opening in which it is tobe reciprocated. This is very expensive and greatly increases the costof roo spraying-machines. I have devised means whereby I am enabled tomake the plunger out of ordinary drawn-brass tubing aird to so arrangeit that it will withstand all the pressure which can be brought to bearupon it. It is well known that a cylinder will stand an imlnense amountof pressure if the pressure is applied evenly upon all parts of theoutside of the cylinder. This is the case with pumpplungers of thisclass, but the weak point is atthe ends thereof, where the connectionmust be Very rigid and strong in order to withstand the great forcewhich is bro ugh t to bear thereagainst.

` My improved plunger consists of a length of drawn tubing J, havingeach end closed by means of a metal plug jj', respectively, eacharranged to fit within one end of the plunger and each provided with ashoulder j" j", respectively, arranged to rest against the ends of theplunger, to thereby support the thrust against the plunger-caps. Theplugs are brazed or otherwise secured in the ends of the tube, as shownin Fig. 3, and the plugj is provided with an upwardly-projecting ear J,to which is secured the pump-handle K.

Suitable valves L, M, and O are provided to control the fiow of liquidthrough the various passages.

In practice the cylinder B is made of a single length of lap-weldedmetal pipe cut into suitable length, and the base A is formed of castmetal, with the ports a a cored out therein. The cap C is also castfrommetal, preferably with the pump-cylinder D integral therewith. Toassemble the par-ts, a suitable packing amis placed in the base-seatformed by the fiange A', and a packing C is placed in the .seat formedby the flange C of the cap member, and the cylinder is then arranged inposition with its ends seated in the baseseat. Then the cap C is placedwith its seat embracing the upper endl of the cylinder, and theconnecting or tie bolts E are then passed through suitable openings c',provided in ythe projecting rim of the cap and are screwed into suitablescrew-openings a", provided in the base. These openings are notillustrated in detail for the reason that the construction will beclearly understood by those versed in the art.

Then the various parts are assembled, by operating the pump liquid isdrawn through the inlet-pipe CZ and discharged through the outlet-portcZ,.passing through the pipe F and entering the bottom of the chamber B'through the inlet-port a. It will be understood that the Valvecontrolling the dischargepipe leading from vthe chamber B is-closeduntil sufficient liquid has been pumped into the chamber B' to causecompression` of the air therein sufficient to force the liquid throughthe discharge-pipe and through the spray-nozzle to produce a fine spray.rIn case a heavy pressure is required the pump is first opeated to pumpair into the chamber B', so that the pressure in the chamber isconsiderable before any liquid is forced thereinto. B y this meanssufficient pressure can be caused within the air-chamber to force fromthe chamber and to finally spray all the liquid contained in thechamber. 1

The operation of sprayin gis proceeded with in the ordinary manner, thebase A serving as a support for the entire device. By reason of itscompactness, when it is desired to move the machine one man can easilycarry it from one place to another. This is not possible with any othermachine of equal capacity of which I am aware; also, owing to castingthe pump-cylinder integral With the cap there is no liability of theparts working loose, and the veryy highest degree of rigidity isobtained at a minimum cost.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim as new,I and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination set forth of the base provided with the annularbase-seat and with theinlet-port andthe outlet-port, each passingthrough the base and opening inside the base-seat; the air-chamberarranged with its lower end seated in the base-seat; the'top or capprovided with the seat arranged to seat the top of the cylinder andseated-upon such cylinder; the Apump rigidly fixed to the cap andprovided with the inlet and the outlet ports; a pipe arranged exteriorto the cylinder and connecting the outlet-port of the pump with theinlet-port of the base; a discharge-pipe leading from the outlet-port ofthe base; a supply-pipe leading to-theinletport of the pump, andsuitable valves arranged to control the various passages.

2. In a spraying-machine, the combination of the cast-metal base havingthe upwardlyprojecting annular flange provided with the shoulderarranged to seat the bottom of the air-chamber cylinder, and having theinletport and the outlet-port passing through the fiange below theshoulder; the air-chamber cylinder having its lower end seated upon theshoulder of the base-fiange; the capfprovided with adownwardly-projecting flange arranged to seat the upper endl of theairchamber cylinder, and having the puinp-oylinder cast integraltherewith; the packing arranged in the cylinder-seats; the pump havingthe-inlet and the outlet ports; the pipe connecting the outlet-port ofthe pump with the inlet-port of the base; a discharge-pipe leading fromthe outlet-port of the base; a supply-pipe leading to the inlet-port ofthe pump; valves arranged to control the various passages; and thebolt-rods arranged to connect the base and the cap` and to clamp-themrmly upon the ends of the air-chamber cylinder.

3. In a spraying-machine, the combination Aof the cast-metal base havingthe upwardlyprojecting annular fiangeprovided with the shoulder arrangedto seat the bottomof the air-chamber cylinder, and having the inletportand the ou tiet-port passing throughthe flange below the shoulder, andalso provided with the screw-threaded openings arranged IOO IIO

in the base outside of the flange; the airchamber cylinder having itslower end seated upon the shoulder of the base-flange the oap, providedwith the downwardlyprojecting flange arranged to seat the top of theairehamber cylinder, and having the pump-cylinder east integraltherewith, and also provided with the bolt-holes arranged outside of theflange; the packing arranged in the cylinder-seats the pump having theinlet and the outlet ports; the pipe connecting the outlet port of thepump with the inlet-port of the base; a discharge-pipe leading from theoutlet-port of the base; valves arranged to oontrol the variouspassages; the boltrods having their lower ends screwed into thescrewthreaded openings in the base, and their upper ends passed throughthe bolt-holes in the ARTHUR H. RUGGLES.

Vtnesses:

ALFRED I. TOWNSEND, JAMES R. TowNsENn.

